Learn more about the process, causes, and effects of. It is obvious that ozone is a very important component of the atmosphere and it requires special attention. Frequently asked questions about the ozone layer us epa. Ozone is a form of oxygen with three atoms instead of the normal two, and forms a fragile shield scattered in the stratosphere absorbing the suns ultraviolet radiation, away from the earths surface. This is apparently found in the lowest region of the stratosphere. B dobson and other scientists in measuring concentrations of chloride and ozone in the atmosphere g. B dobson inferred correctly that the cause of the warm stratosphere was heating by the absorption of ultraviolet solar radiation by ozone, and he set out to. It is an essential factor for many global, biological and environmental phenomena. Ozone depletion facts and information national geographic. Research on cancer in 1992 concluded that solar radiation is a cause of skin. Ozone layer research papers on the depletion of the the.
Ozone layer is a thin layer that is located within the stratosphere and contains high concentration of ozone. Previous studies have shown that ozone depletion not only enhances ultraviolet radiation at the surface but also affects weather patterns and sea ice on the southern ocean. A dynamic equilibrium is maintained between the formation and decomposition of ozone. Article pdf available in american journal of plant sciences 0410. Studies and research of the ozone depletion have been carried out for decades now. The ozone layer recovers later in the year, and then the cycle repeats. Ozone o 3 is a gas which is present naturally within earths atmosphere. The level from which it extends outward varies with latitude. In addition, uvb has been linked to the development of cataracts, a clouding of the eyes lens. Relatively high means a few parts per million much higher than the. Ozone is also used commercially as a bleaching agent and to purify municipal. A summer dress o zone layer depletion ozone layer depletion causes affecting factors ozone hole etc.
The ozone layer is the part of the earths atmosphere which contains relatively high concentrations of ozone o3. Ozone layer depletion article about ozone layer depletion. Hundreds more free handouts at ozone layer discussion student as questions do not show these to student b 1 what springs to mind when you hear the words ozone layer 2 what is ozone and what does it do. The natural distribution of ozone around the earth is. The economic effects of stratospheric ozone depletion on u. The ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Most ozone is found in the stratosphere upper part of the atmosphere, more than 10 to 16 kms from the surface of the earth. Scientific assessment of ozone depletion montreal protocol. Article pdf available in international journal of environmental science and development 2. Sukyoung lee and steven feldstein, professors at penn state, provide evidence that the depletion of the ozone layer, even more than greenhouse gas emissions, is contributing to the observed movement of the southern jet stream toward the pole. Feb 01, 20 sukyoung lee and steven feldstein, professors at penn state, provide evidence that the depletion of the ozone layer, even more than greenhouse gas emissions, is contributing to the observed movement of the southern jet stream toward the pole.
It addressed the im portance of conservation of ozone layer and established. Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible. Ozone layer research and technical resources ozone layer. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Ozone is a variant of oxygen, the ozone molecule having three atoms of oxygen. The ozone layer has been identified in term papers as important in the overall spectrum of the atmosphere. When cfc is released into the atmosphere, they mix with atmospheric.
Ozone depletion is allowing the uv radiation to earth surface. Efforts to heal the hole in earths ozone layer over antarctica appear to be paying off, according to a new, firstofitskind study that looked directly at ozone destroying chemicals in the. The ozone layer is a region in the earths stratosphere that contains high concentrations of ozone and protects the earth from the harmful ultraviolet radiations of the sun. Jun 21, 2016 the seasonal depletion of antarctic ozone, a highly reactive molecule of oxygen called o 3, was first reported in the journal nature in 1985. Approximately 90 percent of the atmospheres ozone occurs from 1018 km 611 miles to about 50 km about 30 miles above earths surface. There are natural processes that create and destroy ozone in the stratosphere. Its structure means that its much less stable than oxygen o 2, and is therefore much more reactive. Causes and effects of ozone layer depletion that are. The richness of the ozone layer that makes the hole so significant and the science behind the hole is far less popular. However, various factors have led to the depletion and damage of this protective layer.
Solar ultraviolet radiation creates an ozone layer in the atmosphere which in turn. Stratospheric ozone depletion, ultraviolet radiation and health. Laboratory and epidemiological studies demonstrate that uvb causes nonmelanoma skin cancer and plays a major role in malignant melanoma development. Ozone is unstable and decomposes to molecular oxygen. Bring your science journal to life using these force and motion interactive sheets.
Climate change essay pdf sample writing sample of essay on a given topic climate change. It became clear that the ozone layer was being depleted, when the first ozone hole was found over antarctica in 1985. Case study on ozone layer ozone depletion chlorofluorocarbon. The ozone layer forms a most important part of the earths stratosphere as it can absorb most of the uv radiation and prevent it from reaching the surface of the earth. Nasa an improving ozone layer, something to sing about.
Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. Ozone layer research papers on the depletion of the the ozone. The ozone layer resides in the stratosphere, the region of atmosphere from 10 to 50 kilometers above earths surface. The major problem arises from the emissions of nitrogen oxides which have the potential to destroy significant quantities of ozone in the stratosphere. Mar 21, 2020 ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. There are many situations where human activities have. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 253k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Still, researchers remain confident that, overall, the earths ozone layer is improving and will continue to do so. When highenergy ultraviolet rays uvc strike an oxygen. In response to this and additional fears about more widespread global ozone depletion, the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer was implemented in 1987. The vienna convention for protection of ozone layer was adopted by 43 nations in 1985.
Case study depletion of ozone in the atmosphere the work of g. The effects on the industry of the actions to reduce ozone depletion and global warming are now apparent. It is very essential as it prevents nearly 99% o f the uv. Ozone, a form of oxygen consisting of three atoms of oxygen instead of two, is considered an air pollutant when found at ground levels and is a major component of smog. But many researchers do not agree with these predictions,14 and express their. Ozone layer ozone layer research papers discuss the depletion of the the ozone layer in the atmosphere.
Protecting the ozone layer department of the environment. Ozone layer discussion student bs questions do not show these to student a 1 what will happen to the world if the ozone layer disappears. Health and environmental effects of ozone layer depletion. As a result, there has been a general thinning of the ozone layer over most of the globe, including between five to nine per cent depletion over australia since the 1960s.
Ozone depletion, or ozone layer depletion is the name for the observed decrease in the atmospheres ozone layer. Depletion of this layer by ozone depleting substances ods will lead to higher uvb levels, which in turn will cause increased skin cancers and cataracts and potential damage to some marine organisms, plants, and plastics. Efforts to heal the hole in earths ozone layer over antarctica appear to be paying off, according to a new, firstofitskind study that looked directly at ozonedestroying chemicals in the. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on. Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Ozone depletion is the process of destruction of the ozone layer which can cause adverse effects on the living forms by many pollutants releases out from the vehicles, industries etc. The impact of high altitude aircraft on the ozone layer in. Apr 18, 2019 the ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Almost always the ozone has only been correlated with the hole in the ozone layer and the damages it has caused to the environment. Ozone depletion and climate change, or ozone hole and global warming in more popular terms, are environmental challenges whose connections have been explored and which have been compared and contrasted, for example in terms of global regulation, in various studies and books there is widespread scientific interest in better regulation of climate change, ozone.
The causes, mechanism and bioeffects of ozone layer depletion on humans were addressed. Article information, pdf download for stratospheric ozone depletion an. Case study on ozone layer free download as powerpoint presentation. Ozone layer, region of the upper atmosphere, between roughly 15 and 35 km 9 and 22 miles above earths surface, containing relatively high concentrations of ozone molecules.
The ozone layer is found in the lower portion of the earths atmosphere. Pitts and poole were two of the authors of the paper reporting the findings about last winters unprecedented ozone loss in the arctic, which was published in the journal nature in october 2011. There are both links and major differences between ozone depletion and global warming and the way the two challenges have been handled. In your ozone layer term paper, consider how greenhouse gases contribute to the deletion of the ozone layer and promulgate global warming. Nowadays, the attention of ecologists is focused primarily on the causes of ozone depletion in the stratosphere. The enduring effects of ozone depletion the new york times. While in the case of atmospheric ozone depletion, in a situation of high uncertainty and against strong resistance, climate change regulation attempts at the international level such as the kyoto protocol have failed to reduce global emissions. Schonbein in the year 1840 confirmed its existence and jacqueslouis soret rooted the. The ozone depletion resulted in secondary production of an ozone layer near the ground terrestrial ozone layer, which is responsible for adverse effects on plants, humans and environment with increased number of bronchial diseases in humans. The magnitude of the perturbation is highly dependent on the cruise altitude.
Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible depletion trends. Ozone depletion and global warming are two major environmental concerns with serious implications for the future development of the refrigerationbased industries. The emission of ozonedepleting gases impacted the earths ozone layer a layer that absorbs most. The ozone layer is responsible for absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays, and preventing them from entering the earths atmosphere. Near the ground, ozone forming as a result of chemical reactions involving traffic pollution and sunlight may cause a number of respiratory problems, particularly for young children. International journal of environmental science and development, vol. It has been found that this protective ozone layer is getting depleted because of the presence of cfc chlorofluorocarbon compounds. Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which is essential to life as we know it on planet earth. Ozone depletion is a wellknown phenomenon and, thanks to the success of the montreal protocol, is. The seasonal depletion of antarctic ozone, a highly reactive molecule of oxygen called o 3, was first reported in the journal nature in. The thinning of the ozone layer has increased the risk that australians already face from overexposure to uv radiation from an outdoor lifestyle.
It forms a 3 mm thick layer, but if it disappears or thins, all terrestrial life. Pdf depletion of the ozone layer and its consequences. Permanent or temporary blindness, skin cancer and immunity suppression are the main effects of these radiations reported by various researchers on humans. Ozone depletion has been observed all over the globe but is greatest at high latitudes that is, near the poles, most notably over antarctica during the polar winter see ozone hole since the ozone layer absorbs ultraviolet radiation, which in turn causes skin.
It is formed by the reaction of various air pollutants in the presence of sunlight. By the usual definition, stratospheric ozone depletion is not an integral part of the. The chlorofluorocarbon and the halons are potent ozone depletors. The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. It protects our planet from the destructive effect of ultraviolet radiation. Ozone depletion is a complex process that is affected by variables. Since the announcement of a thinning of the ozone layer over the antarctic by uk scientists in. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal. Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s. The paper discusses the potential effects on the ozone layer of gases released by the engines of proposed high altitude supersonic aircraft. Ozone layer depletion cause, effects, and solutions. This power point presentation is mainly focused on todays most challenging issue as depletion of ozone layer with major factors affecting it. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. This blanket of gas is vital for life on earthit absorbs the suns.
It has the potential to absorb around 9799% of the harmful ultraviolet radiations coming. There is a burgeoning need to reduce the production of industrial products causing ozone depletion and global warming. The ozone layer lies approximately 1540 kilometers 1025 miles above the earths surface, in the stratosphere. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion.
Global warming and ozone layer depletion are two different problems see the sidebar misconceptions about global atmospheric change on page 95. The world meteorological or ganization wmo, 1995 predicted that the depletion of the ozone layer peaked around 1998 and the layer would slowly recover by 2045 12. The genesis of scientific assessment of ozone depletion. Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a result of increasing pollution. The exposure to these radiations is severely affecting all life forms on earth, especially the humans. More recently, fears have emerged about significant ozone depletion over the arctic, closer to the more populous regions of the northern hemisphere. Ozone hole shows signs of shrinking, scientists say the. It is formed of three oxygen atoms giving it the chemical formula, o 3. This leads, among other effects, to unusual rainfall patterns in the subtropics.
Journal of environmental management 1990 30, 3235 the economic effects of stratospheric ozone depletion on u. Many organizations perform research on the ozone layer ozone layerthe region of the stratosphere containing the bulk of atmospheric ozone. The magnitude of the perturbation is highly dependent on the cruise altitude of the aircraft. Various anthropogenic activities such as emissions of cfcs, hcfcs and other organohalogens lead to the depletion of ozone. Ozone o3 is a stratospheric layer that plays important role in providing support to humans for their survival.